We have commanded you to pray and fast from the beginning of maturityBahá’u’lláh defines the "
age of
maturity with respect to religious duties" as "fifteen
for both men and women" (Q&A
20).
For details of the period of
fasting, see note
25.
We have enjoined upon you fasting during a brief periodFasting and obligatory prayer constitute the two pillars that sustain the revealed Law of God. Bahá’u’lláh in one of His Tablets affirms that He has revealed the laws of obligatory prayer and
fasting so that through them the believers may draw nigh unto God.
Shoghi Effendi indicates that the
fasting period, which involves complete abstention from food and drink from sunrise till sunset, is
. . . essentially a period of meditation and prayer, of spiritual recuperation, during which the believer must strive to make the necessary readjustments in his inner life, and to refresh and reinvigorate the spiritual
forces latent in his soul. Its significance and purpose are, therefore, fundamentally spiritual in character.
Fasting is symbolic, and a reminder of abstinence from selfish and carnal desires.
Fasting is enjoined on all the believers once they attain the
age of 15 and until they reach the
age of 70 years.
A summary of the detailed provisions concerning the law of
fasting and of the exemptions granted to certain categories of people is contained in the
Synopsis and Codification, section IV.B.1.-6.
For a discussion of the exemptions from
fasting see notes
14,
20,
30 and
31.
The nineteen-day period of
fasting coincides with the Bahá’í month of 'Alá', usually 2-20 March, immediately after the termination of the Intercalary Days (see notes
27 and
147), and is followed by the feast of Naw-Rúz (see note
26).